Large deviation for the empirical eigenvalue density of truncated Haar unitary matrices

Abstract

Let U m be an m×m Haar unitary matrix and U[ m,n ] be its n×n truncation. In this paper the large deviation is proven for the empirical eigenvalue density of U[ m,n ] as m/n→λ and n→∞. The rate function and the limit distribution are given explicitly. U[ m,n ] is the random matrix model of quq, where u is a Haar unitary in a finite von Neumann algebra, q is a certain projection and they are free. The limit distribution coincides with the Brown measure of the operator quq.