Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a method to efficiently use a high-energy pulsed 1.7 ps HiLASE Perla laser system for two beam interference patterning. The newly developed method of large-beam interference patterning permits the production of micro and sub-micron sized features on a treated surface with increased processing throughputs by enlarging the interference area. The limits for beam enlarging are explained and calculated for the used laser source. The formation of a variety of surface micro and nanostructures and their combinations are reported on stainless steel, invar, and tungsten with the maximum fabrication speed of 206 cm2/min. The wettability of selected hierarchical structures combining interference patterns with 2.6 µm periodicity and the nanoscale surface structures on top were analyzed showing superhydrophobic behavior with contact angles of 164°, 156°, and 150° in the case of stainless steel, invar, and tungsten, respectively.
Highlights
Fabrication of a functional surface with micro and nanostructures is a popular topic in science and industry
Addition, the beam divergence, the elliptical interference area with a major diameter above 1Inmm and interference maxima in a form of lines oriented perpendicular to the major diameter was demonstrated
We used the basic principles of interference and performed calculations to determine the limits of the interference area and its dependence on laser parameters
Summary
Fabrication of a functional surface with micro and nanostructures is a popular topic in science and industry. The surface functional performance often originates in hierarchical structures composed of micro and nanoscale features assembled into complex structures [1]. Among different type of structures, strategies for the fabrication of multi-scale structures have been the most extensively developed. Such structures can enhance or completely modify the original surface properties to achieve anti-icing [2], anti-corrosion [3], anti-bacteria [4], or superhydrophobic [5,6] properties. Commonly used direct laser writing techniques, utilizing only one laser beam in a combination with a galvo scanner, may not satisfy the high industry demands for the treatment of large area in a short time
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