Abstract
In 1665 Christiaan Huygens first noticed how two pendulums, regardless of their initial state, would synchronize. It is now known that the universe is full of complex self-organizing systems, from neural networks to correlated materials. Here, graphene flakes, nucleated over a polycrystalline graphene film, synchronize during growth so as to ultimately yield a common crystal orientation at the macroscale. Strain and diffusion gradients are argued as the probable causes for the long-range cross-talk between flakes and the formation of a single-grain graphene layer. The work demonstrates that graphene synthesis can be advanced to control the nucleated crystal shape, registry, and relative alignment between graphene crystals for large area, that is, a single-crystal bilayer, and (AB-stacked) few-layer graphene can been grown at the wafer scale.
Highlights
In 1665 Christiaan Huygens first noticed how two pendulums, regardless of density to grow a “giant” single domain of monolayer graphene
The underlying mechanisms are due to epigrain boundaries between graphene domains, which, otherwise taxial growth on a low lattice mismatch substrate with that of leads to the degradation of the graphene’s electrical, thermal graphene, for example, Cu (111) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), or, the presence of and mechanical properties, is vital
We examine flakes forming over a contiguous polycrystalline graphene layer [Stranski–Krastanov (SK) growth)] by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)
Summary
In 1665 Christiaan Huygens first noticed how two pendulums, regardless of density to grow a “giant” single domain of monolayer graphene. We show the remarkable and ubiquitous self-alignment of secondary graphene domains after nucleation during SK growth over millimeter areas over an initial base layer of polycrystalline graphene, namely, largearea single-crystal graphene forms over a polycrystalline substrate.
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