Large- and Medium-Sized Land Mammals of Northeast Marajó Island, Lower Amazon, Brazil

Abstract

Marajo, located in the lower Amazon, Brazil, is one of the largest river islands in the world. Most of the island is subject to tidal or seasonal flooding. Despite its historical, cultural and geographical importance, Marajo Island remains relatively less investigated in terms of mammal diversity, ecology and community structure than the rest of the Amazon. This scenario has motivated the presentation of this list of land mammals of eastern Marajo Island. Two field surveys were conducted in the course of 7-11 December 2012 and 17-25 October 2013 in Jaranduba, Dunas and Ribanceira Farms, northeast portions of Marajo Island. A total of 23 large and medium-sized land mammal species were recorded in the study area. These farms host a representative mammal community of northeastern Marajo, an area lacking previous faunal studies. Human pressure over centuries has deeply modified the environment in Marajo. Therefore, striking evidence of a long human-populated past in this island is in accordance to many other sites throughout the Amazon plain. The result of a land mammal survey in northeastern Marajo is a clear evidence of past and present human interference in the island. Even though Marajo Island has exalted mammal diversity, it will be much higher if long-term studies are effectively implemented.