Large Acetabular Defects Can be Managed with Cementless Revision Components

Abstract

Optimal techniques for acetabular revision in the setting of major pelvic osteolysis have not been established. Bilobed components, structural grafts, and reinforcement cages have demonstrated 10-24% midterm failure rates. While cementless hemispherical components have been utilized to treat large acetabular defects, most reports have not focused specifically on patients with extensive deficiencies. We report midterm clinical scores, component revisions, and complications following focal bone grafting and cementless acetabular revision in cases with major periacetabular osteolysis. We identified 30 patients (32 hips) who underwent cementless acetabular revision to treat massive acetabular bone loss at an average followup of 53 months. We excluded three patients lost to followup and two patients who died prior to minimum 24 month followup. Harris Hip Scores were assessed before and after surgery. Postoperative radiographs were evaluated for graft incorporation and component migration. Component revision and component migration are reported as failures. Mean Harris Hip Score improved from 52.5 (range, 17.7-90.7) to 87.3 (range, 25.3-100) points. Three hips (9%) were revised for aseptic loosening. Three components (10.7%) demonstrated radiographic migration, but were not revised. Complete graft incorporation was seen in 17 cases (68%). There were five major complications (14%). Cementless acetabular fixation and bone grafting result in clinical scores and survivorship comparable to other options at midterm followup, with potential for biological fixation. Level IV, clinical research study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.