Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy versus minilaparotomy hysterectomy: A prospective, randomized, multicenter study

Abstract

Study objective The aim of this study was to compare operative and early postoperative outcomes of laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) and minilaparotomy in a randomized clinical trial including patients undergoing total hysterectomy for benign gynecologic disease and having 1 or more of the generally considered contraindications to vaginal route. Design Prospective, randomized, multicenter trial (Canadian Task Force classification I). Setting Departments of Gynecology from 3 major university hospitals in Rome. Patients Eighty-one patients who were candidates for abdominal hysterectomy. Interventions Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy and minilaparotomy hysterectomy. Measurements and main results Forty patients were randomized to LAVH and 41 to minilaparotomy. Characteristics of patients and indications for surgery in the 2 arms were comparable. In the minilaparotomy group, complications were as follows: 1 case (2.4%) of delayed laparotomy with 2 units of red blood cell transfusion, 2 cases (4.8%) of wound infection, and 3 cases (7.3%) of fever of unknown origin. No minor or major complications were observed in the LAVH group. Postoperative visual analog scale pain scores at days 1 and 2 were significantly lower in the LAVH group (p <.05). The complication rate between the 2 groups was significantly lower for LAVH (p = .026). Conclusion Because LAVH was associated with significantly lower early postoperative pain scores and complication rates, in general LAVH should be preferred to minilaparotomy hysterectomy when the vaginal approach cannot be used.