Laparoscopic vs open transcapsular adenomectomy (Millin): a comparative study of perioperative outcomes and complications.

Abstract

Laparoscopic adenomectomy for prostates larger than 80 mL is still a topic of debate. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the perioperative outcomes and complications between open Millin (OM) and laparoscopic Millin (LM) adenomectomy. Perioperative data and complications were retrospectively collected from patients submitted to Millin procedure from August 2019 to August 2022 in a tertiary centre, and OM and LM were compared. Complications were classified according to Clavien-Dindo classification. A total of 205 patients were identified, 125 in the OM group and 80 in the LM group. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. Mean total blood loss (194 ±210 vs 477 ±389 mL, p <0.001), mean haemoglobin drop (1.40 ±1.16 vs 2.62 ±1.42 g/dL, p <0.001), duration of catheterisation (4.63 ±1.39 vs 5.37 ±1.99 days, p = 0.004), and hospital stay (4.59 ±1.72 vs 5.82 ±3.36 days, p = 0.003) were significantly lower in the laparoscopic group. The mean operative time was longer in the laparoscopic group (109.9 ±33.4 vs 68.7 ±18.0 min, p <0.001). The overall complication rate was significantly lower in the laparoscopic group (18.8% vs 36.8%; p = 0.012), and this difference was maintained only in Clavien-Dindo groups I (3.8% vs 13.6%; p = 0.018) and II (12.5% vs 21.6%; p = 0.049). Regarding individual complications, patients in the LM group had significantly less haematuria (1.3% vs 8.8%, p = 0.031), wound infections (0% vs 4.8%, p = 0.047), and blood transfusions (0% vs 6.4%, p = 0.024). Laparoscopic Miilin adenometomy is a safe technique, with less intraoperative blood loss, shorter length of hospital stay and catheterisation time, and fewer complications, including a lower transfusion rate, than its open counterpart.