Laparoscopic Anatomical Liver Resection of Segment VIII by Using ICG Fluorescence Positive Staining Under the Guidance of Laparoscopic Ultrasonography

Abstract

BackgroundAnatomical segmentectomy is a surgical procedure that completely removes a territory (or territories) of the third-order portal venous branches of a Couinaud segment (Wakabayashi et al. in J Hepatobil Pancreat Sci 29(1):82–98, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.899). Laparoscopic segmentectomy of S8 is considered technically challenging because of the Precise dissection of the Glissonean pedicle of S8, and exposure of the middle and right hepatic veins are required (Ome et al. in J Am Coll Surg 230(3):e13–e20, 2020; Wakabayashi et al. in Ann Surg 261(4):619–29, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000001184; Monden et al. in J Hepatobil Pancreat Sci 29(1):66–81, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.898). This report describes a new approach, which can reduce unwanted damage to normal tissues and complications.MethodsA 53-year-old man who has suffered from hepatitis B for 10 years was admitted for the treatment of two nodular tumors located in segment VIII. The surgical procedure began with the percutaneous injection of 5 mL, 0.025 mg/mL of ICG into the S8 portal branch by using an 18G PTCD needle under the guidance of laparoscopic ultrasound (Xu et al. in Surg Endosc 34(10):4683–4691, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-020-07691-5; Wang et al. in Ann Surg 274(1):97–106, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000004718; Aoki et al. in J Am Coll Surg 230(3):e7–e12, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.11.004), followed by liver transection on the cranial side of the liver, which used the ICG fluorescence images for exposing the roots of the middle and right hepatic veins and dissecting and ligating S8 portal pedicle. The excision specimen was sent for histopathological diagnosis.ResultsIt took 200 min for the operation and 60 min for the total Pringle maneuver. The estimate of blood loss was 110 mL. The final histopathologic results of the two nodules were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patient was discharged on postoperative Day 6 with no complications.ConclusionsLaparoscopic anatomical liver resection of S8 has been demonstrated to be feasible. Under the guidance of laparoscopic ultrasonography, ICG positive staining was proven to be optimal for Anatomical segmentectomy.