Abstract
In this study, the effects of La3+ on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant metabolism were studied in the roots of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Shengdao 16) exposed to increasing concentrations of La3+ (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mM). The level of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and malondialdehyde was increased by 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM La3+, and the activity of catalase and peroxidase was increased by 0.05 and 0.1 mM La3+. However, La3+ treatments stimulated superoxide dismutase activity in the roots of rice seedlings at all tested concentrations. In addition, the probe 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA) was used to investigate the instantaneous change of ROS in the root cells with the laser-scanning confocal microscopy. The result indicated that ROS level was declined after treated with 0.05 mM La3+. The results showed that the appropriate concentration of La3+ decreased the level of ROS, and hormetic effects on the antioxidant metabolism were found in the roots of rice exposed to 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mM La3+.
Highlights
The rare earth elements (REEs), which have the similar chemical properties, include a group of 17 trivalent metallic elements
Han2Od 20,.O1 2m⋅−M, anLda3M+.DItAhwasasbseiegnnirfeicpaonrttleydintdhuatcelodwbyco1n.0caenndtr1at.5io mnsMoLf aL3a+3,+baultlenvoitatseigdntihfieoxidative results of damage Wang et induced by UV-B radiation through inhibiting al. reported that La3+ protected soybean plants the production from oxidative of H2O2, stress by
The increase of antioxidants induced by lanthanum nitrate treatment at low concentrations has been reported in the aged Oryza sativa L., and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was successfully controlled by the antioxidant stimulation[19]
Summary
The rare earth elements (REEs), which have the similar chemical properties, include a group of 17 trivalent metallic elements. It has been observed that the appropriate amount of REEs has positive effects on seed germination, harvest quality, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, plant biomass, and root development[4,5,6]. 2.5.1.18), catalase (CAT, EC.1.11.1.6), and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2), are involved in protecting plant cells from oxidative damage by scavenging ROS13–15. Hormesis is defined as a phenomenon that low doses of an otherwise harmful agent could result in stimulatory or beneficial effects[16]. The instantaneous change of ROS was investigated in the root cells treated by La3+ with the laser-scanning confocal microscopy. The hormetic effects of La3+ on the defense system were investigated in the rice seedlings of Oryza sativa L. The hormetic effects of La3+ on the defense system were investigated in the rice seedlings of Oryza sativa L. (cv Shengdao 16)
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