Abstract
Presently, only vendor specific low-level textual and graphical languages are available for the programming of programmable logic controllers (PLC). In order to improve this situation, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is undertaking a standardisation effort defining four compatible languages, which may be transformed into one another. Two of them are textual and the other two are graphical. First, in this paper, we shall shortly introduce these languages with special emphasis on the two high-level ones, represented by a Pascal-like structured textual and a graphical block diagram language. The latter is mainly suitable to express software modularisation, tasking, and control sequences in a form similar to Petri-nets. Then, a number of CAE tools will be described supporting the realisation of PLC application projects. They are based on the IEC standard's two high-level languages and provide an environment for graphical and textual programming, module library administration, documentation, and application program generation. In order to provide maximum system independence and expressive power, the generated output is always in the form of source code of the structured textual language.
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