Abstract
This chapter outlines language policy and planning (LLP) efforts in Romani, where linguistic, geographical and sociocultural heterogeneity pose challenges to language codification, domain expansion and officialisation. Codification efforts either aim for the creation of a unified Romani variety or the written use of a single variety. LLP activities range from local bottom-up initiatives at the grassroots level to top-down measures of international umbrella organisations. Proponents are groups of activists, sometimes even only single actors. Support for their activities is provided by civil society and academia as well as national and international institutions. The chapter outlines the sociolinguistic situation of Romani, gives a historical overview of Romani LLP, discusses LLP strategies on the example of case studies and addresses the protection of Romani at the supranational level.
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