Language, National Identity and School: The Role of the Catalan-Language Immersion Program in Contemporary Catalan Nationalism

Abstract

This chapter examines the role of the public school immersion system in the Catalan language for maintaining Catalan national identity in contemporary Catalonia (Spain). The chapter shows how, in a context of contrasted nationalisms between Spain and Catalonia, to teach in Catalan or in Spanish is a sensitive political issue that goes far beyond considerations about linguistic competencies in a bilingual context. The chapter briefly describes the contemporary educational model in Catalonia and how the Catalan immersion system has been implemented since 1983. Discussed is also how the latest rise of secessionist demands in Catalonia has put the school and linguistic policy at the center of a strong political and judicial confrontation between the Spanish government and Catalan regional authorities.