Abstract

Specific language impairment has been defined by excluding other types of difficulties like peripheral hearing loss, mental retardation, emotional disturbances, etc. It has also been advocated that discrepancy criteria could be used, for example the discrepancy between language measures and nonverbal IQ. Language measures and measures of nonverbal IQ represent very global measures of cognitive functioning. The present paper relates to the problem of definition and assessment of specific language impairment by suggesting that a distinction ought to be made between two aspects of verbal and nonverbal cognitive functioning. The subtests on WPPSI (the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Wechsler, 1967) were sorted into groups representing declarative and procedural knowledge. Declarative knowledge corresponds to “knowing that”/“seeing that” and procedural knowledge corresponds to “knowing how”/“seeing how”. In a group of 90 language impaired children, mean age 5.9 years, we found marked disc...

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