Abstract
A contentious question in critical language studies has been whether and how ideology is embedded in discourse. This question has attracted attention from scholars within the humanities and social sciences. A number of scholars argue that there is a dialectical relationship between language and ideology. Discourse internalizes and is internalized. By applying Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as a transdisciplinary research approach, this paper (re)examines the ideological construction of globalization in two types of genres: newspaper Opinion-Editorial articles and political economic speeches. The paper discusses how discourse and ideology are interconnected in texts on globalization, especially the global economy. As a result of the textual and sociological analysis, the paper identifies two central interrelated ideologies in the discourse of globalization: new capitalism and neoliberalism. These political economic ideologies are construed linguistically through vocabulary and socially through universalization. From a macro sociological perspective, the analysis implies that social-Darwinist survival of the fittest is inevitable in global economic affairs.
Highlights
Language, or discourse, is conceived as the most common form of social structure that is closely linked to ideology
To identify the sort of ideology embodied in the globalization texts, in this paper I ask the following specific research questions: What ideology is constructed in the discourse of globalization? How ideology is constructed in the discourse of globalization? What keywords are used in the discursive construction of this ideology?
The analysis focuses on the keywords because “The keyword is the fundamental object of the study of ideologies” (Vološinov, 1973, p. 15, italic mine) and vocabulary is the most direct way of constructing and naturalizing ideology (Fairclough, 2001; van Dijk, 1998)
Summary
Discourse, is conceived as the most common form of social structure that is closely linked to ideology. What is absent in most of these globalization literatures is that the scholars do not theorize and analyze globalization as a form of discourse If they do, their discussion often lacks textual analysis (Fairclough, 2006). Critical language studies have focused mostly on the orthodox interactional sociolinguistic analysis that links particular linguistic aspects to social communication (Blomaert, 2005). This approach to text-based analysis has paid more attention to the relationship between language and society rather than how language affects the order of society (Fairclough, 2001). To identify the sort of ideology embodied in the globalization texts, in this paper I ask the following specific research questions: What ideology is constructed in the discourse of globalization? How ideology is constructed in the discourse of globalization? What keywords are used in the discursive construction of this ideology?
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