Abstract
AB8TRACT: The criticism that M. Bréal addresses to the etymological method used by Nietzsche in his Genealogy of Morals -a criticism which is a symptom of the separation that had come about between linguistics and philosophy of lang-Jagemakes it possible for us not only to show the disagreement between Bréal and Nietzsche, but also, and mainly, to sketch out the figure of Nietzsche as philosopher of language. Nietzsche is a radical supporter of the well-known humboldtian thesis of linguistic relativisme But Nietzsche's criticism of language throws light on the negative aspect of this thesis: language, which should open up for the individual the only way of accessing to reality, on the contrary conceals reality, making him believe that the vision of the world that it contains is the only possible one, or rather, that it is the world itself. Nietzsche thus destroys the myth of an «objective reality», that language should reflect, unmasking the impulse immanent in every human being to hypostatize a stable and unchanging world of objects behind the words.
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