LANDVOGTS IN THE VOLHYNIAN TOWNS OF THE 16TH AND THE FIRST HALF OF THE 17TH CENTURIES: COMPOSITION, PERSONALITIES, FUNCTIONS

Abstract

The article is based on city books of Lutsk, Vyzhva, Milyanovich, Kovel, Olyka, Rivne and Grodno and Zemsky books of Volodymyr, Lutsk, Kremenets. The author attempts to establish the composition, personnel and powers of Volyn landvogt. He states that the landvogt government, like the Vogt government, was borrowed from the German lands to the Polish and Lithuanian lands, and from there it got to the Ukrainian ones. Landvogt was influential in the cities of Volyn, as he was often the patron saint of wight. He received his government as a fee for serving the Vogt or rented or secured it. Typically, each new Vogt assigned his own landvogt. As a part of taking the position, the landvogt had to take the oath. The governments of the Lentwites were at different times - from several months to many years. Going through their rule could change them. In addition to performing their primary function as a court, the tapeworms took part in governing the city, guarded the order, monitored Christian morality, and were sometimes charged with collecting arrears. The analysis of the sources allowed the author to draw some conclusions about the social and national origin of the Volyn landvogt. Among Lutsk landvogts in the XVI century, the nobles dominated, in the first half of the XVII century - burghers; by nationality, most were Ukrainians, the rest were mainly Poles. Among the Volodymyr landvogts, there were nobles, about a quarter of them were Poles, the rest were local. Of the nine well-known Kremenets landvogts, only two were burghers, almost equally Ukrainians and Poles. Among the twelve landvogts of Milianovich, only one was a nobleman and a Pole, and the rest were local townspeople. Of the six Kovel landvogts, two were gentry, and the others were bourgeois Ukrainians. The author provides data on the cases of the combination of the Lentwite government with the Rhei / Burmistrovsky. Many of the Lentwiths, before or after their rule, were found to be occupied by other city governments - they were listed as raitsi, city or vogt clerks, hunters, boomers, city fighters and trustees. It was noted that having considerable power, the tapeworms sometimes abused her (such as extortions, handshakes).