Abstract
This study deals with the application of geographical information system (GIS) datasets and methods to assess the landslide susceptibility in Wadi Hujran. The area has a rocky terrain and belongs to the Shaqlawa district of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The region is placed towards the Northeast side of Erbil city. The region covers an area of 18.56 Km2 (1856.1 ha) and consists of rough broken and stones. The watershed area is surrounded by North latitudes 36° 21' 53.514" to 36° 17' 49.7796" and East longitudes 44° 17' 5.658" to 44° 20' 9.06". Three factors, namely the morphometric, geological, and environmental, were used to prepare the landslide susceptibility index. The study made use of AHP method and prepared a landslide susceptibility map. Data related to geology, topography, hydrology, rainfall, and land use were used to prepare the map. Physical and statistical methods were used to validate the map. A heuristic approach was incorporated to produce the final susceptibility map. ArcGIS software was used to generate the landslide zones. A total of five landslide zones were generated, which varied from very low landslide zones (80.5) to very high landslide zone (84.5). The zones also included low landslide zone (1262.2), moderate landslide zone (1505.9), and high landslide zone (566.8), and the ratio of consistency in the present study was 0.06 AHP less than 1, and all the five zones in the study were compiled landslide zonation estimated.
Highlights
The mass movement of land on slope involves debris flow, rockfall, sliding, and topples
No vegetation area represents water and built-up area which has covered around 1.35% of the land area, and less vegetation area refers to normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) bare soil area occupying 7.38% area while 44.2% of the study area was occupied by less to moderate vegetation area
All these areas located within no vegetation, less vegetation, and less moderate vegetation are prone to occurrence failure soil and landslide susceptibility
Summary
The mass movement of land on slope involves debris flow, rockfall, sliding, and topples. Landslide happens as a consequence of different situations, such as saturated clay materials on the impermeable layer-specific in the steep slope areas. According to [12], in the study, there are five cases of landslides. These types are named: Falls, Topples, Slides, Spread, and Creeps. Each type of landslide occurs in specific conditions such as geological, topographical, or hydrological circumstances. The study showed that the causes of landslides hazard are classified into geological, human, and morphological causes. Was applied to the delineation of high landslide risk areas based on three factors which include the elevation, rock types, and land cover The study of [7]. was applied to the delineation of high landslide risk areas based on three factors which include the elevation, rock types, and land cover
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