Abstract
AbstractDisposal of municipal solid waste is an environmental burden worldwide, and landfilling is still the widely applied solution for the management of discarded solid waste because of its cost-effectiveness and simpler operational mechanism. Due to the complex reactions inside, landfills generate severely polluted wastewater streams recognized as leachate. Leachate is concentrated wastewater with extreme pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), organic refractory compounds, inorganic salts and toxicity. It is a typical dilemma of a landfill system and a potential threat for environmental elements, which must be treated before discharge into water bodies. Because of the variability in waste composition depending on the landfilling practice, local climatic conditions, landfill’s physicochemical conditions, bio geochemistry and landfill age, treatment of leachate becomes more critical than municipal wastewater. Numerous biological, physicochemical treatment methods are being practised worldwide for landfill leachate. This chapter aims to summarize an overview of the different innovative options applied for landfill leachate treatment and the way forward.KeywordsBiological treatmentChemical treatmentMunicipal solid wastePhysical treatmentSemi-aerobic landfillLeachate
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