Land vs. water HIIE effects on muscle oxygenation and physiological parameter responses in postmenopausal women

Kuei-Yu Chien,Nai-Wen Kan,Yong Yang,Wen-Ting Yang,Yi-Hung Liao

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70599-6

Kuei-Yu Chien, Nai-Wen Kan + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70599-6

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Abstract

Muscle oxygenation (MO) status is the dynamic balance between O2 utilization and O2 delivery. Low-impact high-intensity interval exercise MO responses in the exercise and recovery stage are still unclear. We compared the differences in MO and physiological parameters between high-intensity interval water-based exercise (WHIIE) and high-intensity interval land bike ergonomic exercise (LBEHIIE) in postmenopausal women. Eleven postmenopausal women completed WHIIE or LBEHIIE in counter-balanced order. Eight sets were performed and each exercise set included high intensity with 80% heart rate reserve (HRR) in 30 s and dynamic recovery with 50% HRR in 90 s. Muscle tissue oxygen saturation index (TSI), total hemoglobin (tHb), oxy-hemoglobin (O2Hb), and deoxy-hemoglobin (HHb) were recorded. Blood lactate, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured at pre and post-exercise. Under similar exercise intensity, RPE in WHIIE was lower than that in LBEHIIE. The heart rate in WHIIE was lower than that in LBEHIIE at 1 and 2 min post-exercise. During the dynamic recovery, TSI, tHb, and O2Hb in water were higher than on land. A negative correlation was found between the change in TSI and lactate concentration (r = − 0.664). WHIIE produced greater muscle oxygenation during dynamic recovery. Muscle TSI% was inversely related to blood lactate concentration during exercise in water.

Highlights

Muscle oxygenation (MO) status is the dynamic balance between O2 utilization and O2 delivery
The main finding was that the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in WHIIE was lower than in LBEHIIE with similar exercise intensity during the exercise and at the 10th minute after exercise
The more tissue oxygen saturation index (TSI) increased during the dynamic recovery stage in WHIIE, the lower the lactate concentration rate increased after exercise

Summary

Introduction

Muscle oxygenation (MO) status is the dynamic balance between O2 utilization and O2 delivery. We compared the differences in MO and physiological parameters between high-intensity interval water-based exercise (WHIIE) and high-intensity interval land bike ergonomic exercise (LBEHIIE) in postmenopausal women. TSI, tHb, and O2Hb in water were higher than on land. Women become estrogen deficient in the post-menopausal period This increases the risk for cardiovascular disease[1,2]. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can achieve cardiovascular stimulation intensity within a short time period. Using water-based exercise or bike ergometer on land as high-intensity interval training modes for post-menopausal women is acceptable. Previous study showed that water interval training enhances flexibility and anaerobic power while decreasing musculoskeletal impact placed on the ligaments, joints, and tendons[19]. Several previous studies showed that aquatic exercise training had cardiovascular benefits[22,23], especially for those with high risk musculoskeletal conditions[24]

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