Abstract
By defining the connotation of land use eco-efficiency, land use eco-efficiency from 2003 to 2015 was calculated on the basis of the mixed directional distance function, and its spatial convergence analyzed using a spatial econometric model. Results showed that (1) the land use eco-efficiency in most regions of China was relatively ineffective—only Guangdong and Guangxi were relatively effective—and the spatial distribution of efficiency levels in each region was polarized. (2) Sigma and beta convergences were observed in land use eco-efficiency in China, and land use eco-efficiency in each province had an influence on the other. (3) The convergence rate of the eastern region was the same as that of the national region (0.164). The convergence rates of the central, western, and northeast regions were 0.181, 0.183, and 0.189, respectively, which were all higher than the national convergence rate. (4) Scientific and technological strength and industrial structure significantly promoted the improvement of land use eco-efficiency and steady development of land use in China.
Highlights
Land resources are valuable resources available to human beings
(4) Scientific and technological strength and industrial structure significantly promoted the improvement of land use eco-efficiency and steady development of land use in China
According to the concept of land use eco-efficiency under the constraint of C emissions, the values of land use eco-efficiency in China’s provinces from 2003 to 2015 were estimated by the mixed directional distance function in this paper, its sigma and beta convergence were analyzed by using the spatial econometric regression model, and the factors affecting its steady development in China were explored as well
Summary
China’s economy and urban expansion while acquiring the economic wealth created by land has aggravated the excessive consumption of resources and degradation of the ecological environment and has restricted the sustainable development of society. Energy conservation and emission reduction have aroused considerable interest. People attribute the emission of carbon dioxide to the burning of fossil energy but ignore that carbon dioxide produced by land use change caused by human activities is an important factor in global warming [1,2]. Studying the evolution rule of land use eco-efficiency in China under the constraint of carbon emissions is of great practical significance. The concept of eco-efficiency was first proposed by Schaltegger and Sturm in 1990 [5]
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