Land Use and Nature Conservation in Mongolia

Abstract

This chapter provides information about Mongolian land use and some conservation. The first part of this chapter relates to land use in Mongolia. Thus, it can be seen that they focused on issues related to the integrated route and stationary survey of different land use types in Mongolia. Mongolia has a wide and vast territory and a few population, therefore land use is specific. Nomadic livestock is primarily economic sector, so the types of land use occupies the center of focus. Nowadays, the agricultural land is diminishing, at the same time, urban lands are expanding when the socialist period of agricultural land use intensified. Further specific land use is growing by the policy of nature conservation. Pasture lands are decreasing at a faster rate due to economic needs for urban expansion, mines, agricultural land and necessary infrastructure. The tradition of nature conservation, protected areas, as well as the protected areas covered by the International convention heritage for nature conservation in Mongolia, have been examined in the following chapter. Nature conservation has been a much challenging task in the present state of affairs where the economy prevails over ecology. Historically, the tradition of the nature conservation of feelings and beliefs has been used as a powerful tool for nature conservation. As the data sources, data of the Ministry of Nature, Environment and Tourism, the National Statistics Office of Mongolia, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light Industry and other study are used in this chapter. Also, land use in Mongolia map was available.