Land Use and Bird Fauna on Shores in Southern Sweden

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation, carried out during May-June in 1966-1968, was to shed some light on the qualitative changes in the breeding bird fauna that result from an alteration of land use along lakes, watercourses and coasts in southern Sweden. Special attention was paid to the Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa), the Redshank (Tringa totanus), the Dunlin (Calidris alpina schinzii) and the Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla f. flava). The type of land use considered is that of cattle pasturage, which is being widely discontinued in the areas studied. Therefore the study areas were chosen to represent a series of different grazing intensities and stages of revegetation. Moreover, the land use factor was isolated from other factors affecting the vegetation. The study showed that few species were common to both grazed and ungrazed areas. The bird fauna was generally more varied in an ungrazed area than in a corresponding grazed one. Only if the ground, after it was abandoned became covered with Phragmites communes (Trin.) was the former avifauna replaced by a less varied one. The paper also discusses some bird species, which during the last hundred years have been affected positively or negatively by changes in land use within areas close to the shore. Pe3loMe 14ccnIeqOBaHHH, KOTOPi~e IPOBOIHJIHCb B MaeHLOHe 1966 1968 rr., HMeJIH uxeimfio oripegeneHne Ka'IeCTBeHHbIX H3MeHeHHIr 4DayHbI IITHU, npOHCIIegIUHX BCJieCTBHe HOBbIX 4)OPM HCrIOJIE30BaHHS 3eMeJIBHbIX yrOAHIr, PaCrOJIO)KeHHbLX Ha 6eperax 03ep, peK H Ha MOPCKOM Iio6epe)Kbe LOXHOR LHBeIXHH. Oco6oe BHHMaHHe yaeJiqljiocb 6oJIb6noMy BepeTeHHHKy Limosa limosa L. TpaBHHiKy Tringa totanus L. 'epHo3o6HKy Calidris alpina schinzii Brehm H )KeJITOA TP5COrY3Ke Motacilla f. flava L. OHHM H3 rJIaBHbIX DaKTOPOB, OKa3bIBaBOLLHX BJIH$HHe Ha TpaHC4)opMaiHIo paCTHTeCJbHOCTH npH6pe)HbIX yqaCTKOB ABJIHeTCA IIPHMeHeHHe HOBbIX 4OPM HCfIOJIB30BaHHH nacT6Hi1. Ho3TOMy HccJiegOBaHHMie yqIaCTKH 6bIJIH nogo6paHbl TaK, 'qTo6bI npegCTaBHTb pa3HICe nepRog1I BbInBCa H 3apaCTaHHS nracT6&i1WHoIR rjioigaxH. ,Janee 6onee noJgpo6Ho HCCJIiegOBaJICH 4)aKTOp HCJIOJlb3OBaHHS 3eMejibHMIX yroqHiA no CpaBHeHHio C XapyrHMH 4aKTopaMH, BJISH1OJIIHMI Ha TpaHC4bOpMaLXHLO paCTHTeJibHOCTH. OKa3aJIOCb, 'ITO MaJIO BHOB qBjiqeTCA o611HMH gjiH iacT6HgW nOA BbIfiaCOM H 3apoc1uiHx riaCT6H1JX. Ha 3apocuem y-iacTKe BCTpeCaeTCA 6ora'qe no KaqeCTBY 4ayHa HTHLI, -1eM Ha yqaCTKe IOA BbIHacoM. ToimBKO B TOM cjiyqae, Korja IIocJIe BbIiiaca yqaCTOK 3apoc TpOCTHHKOM, He 3aMelqaJiOCb yBeJIeCeHHCe IHcjia BHAOB nTHU BbICHWKHBaioi1x IITeHIXOB. B CTaTbe o6cy)KAaeTCA TaKwe BOHPOC 0 TOM, KaKOe BJIHAHHe IOJIO)KHTeJI]HOe HJIH HeraTHBHoe OKa3aJIH Ha BHUbI ITHU H3MeHeHH5 B HCHOJlb3OBaHHH npH6peCKXb1X 3eMeJI6HbIX yrOajHi B TeMeHHe nOCIieAHHX CTa JIeT. Manuscript accepted December 1968.