Land deformation monitoring by GNSS in the Nile Delta and the measurements analysis

Abstract

Nile Delta, one of the most populated deltas around the world, is suffering from subsidence due to the natural compaction of its sediment. Land subsidence has a great impact on the infrastructure, economic, and social. This study investigatesthe evaluation of the land subsidence in Nile Delta using GNSS measurements. Eight stations of GNSS points through period 2013–2015 distributed around Nile Delta and the Northern part of Egypt are utilized using differential GPS with nine IGS stations by GAMIT/GLOBK V. 10.61. The main objective is to monitor the spatiotemporal variations of land surface within the Nile Delta by time series analysis of the ellipsoidal height. The northern part of Egypt can be divided into three major parts; the western part shows subsidence rate of 2 mm/year downward; Nile Deltaof 2.5 to 10 mm/year downward from west to east and the eastern part shows an uplift.