Land Cover Change and Coastal Sustainability in the Coastal Area of Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract

Coastal areas provide invaluable resources which have important environment, economic and social value. These resources encourages growing population and development which induced rapid changes in coastal areas. This study aims to analyse the changes in land cover of the coastal areas of Kendari Bay to provide recent perspectives of how land cover has changed using Landsat TM and Landsat OLI images for the period of 1998, 2008 and 2018. The classified land cover classes are categorized as waterbodies, built-up, bareland, forest, wetland, vegetation and mangrove. The land cover map of each period was acquired from supervised classification using maximum likelihood algorithm in ArcGIS, then the land cover change was analysed through post-classification change detection of GIS-based method. . Accuracy assessment of classified images shows the overall accuracy is estimated as 88.71%, 85.81% and 91.61%, and overall Kappa coeffient statistical values of 0.87, 0.83 and 0.90 for the year 1998, 2008 and 2018 respectively. This study found that there was significant land cover change in the coastal areas of Kendari Bay. It was dominated by the expansion of built-up areas and bareland by 55% and 469.77% respectively, which was gained from the conversion of vegetation and wetland. Meanwhile, considerable reduction were shown in mangrove, wetland, forest and vegetation which have declined by 48.65%, 43.39%, 38.72% and 27.20%. Analysing land cover change is an effective way to understand the dynamics of land cover in coastal areas, and can be used for future land use planning and policies.