Abstract
Bacterial ring rot of potato is one of the most serious potato plant and tuber diseases. Laminaria japonica extract was investigated for its antimicrobial activity against Clavibater michiganense subsp. sepedonicum (Spieckermann & Kotthoff) Davis et al., the causative agent of bacterial ring rot of potato. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions of antimicrobial substances from L. japonica were an extraction temperature of 80°C, an extraction time of 12 h, and a solid to liquid ratio of 1∶25. Active compounds of L. japonica were isolated by solvent partition, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and column chromatography. All nineteen fractionations had antimicrobial activities against C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum, while Fractionation three (Fr.3) had the highest (P<0.05) antimicrobial activity. Chemical composition analysis identified a total of 26 components in Fr.3. The main constituents of Fr.3 were alkanes (80.97%), esters (5.24%), acids (4.87%) and alcohols (2.21%). Antimicrobial activity of Fr.3 against C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum could be attributed to its ability to damage the cell wall and cell membrane, induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increase cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, inhibit the glycolytic pathway (EMP) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, inhibit protein and nucleic acid synthesis, and disrupt the normal cycle of DNA replication. These findings indicate that L. japonica extracts have potential for inhibiting C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum.
Highlights
Potato, the third largest global food crop after wheat and rice, is cultivated for its underground storage stems or tubers, which are rich in starch and other nutrients [1]
These findings indicate that L. japonica extracts have potential for inhibiting C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum
Ethanol, acetone, and chloroform showed obvious antimicrobial activities against C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum
Summary
The third largest global food crop after wheat and rice, is cultivated for its underground storage stems or tubers, which are rich in starch and other nutrients [1]. Bacterial ring rot of potato is one of the most serious potato plant and tuber diseases. It is caused by the gram positive bacterium Clavibater michiganense subsp. Sepedonicum is difficult to control because it can survive for long periods [3]. Chemical bactericides such as bleach, quaternary ammonia, potassium permanganate, copper sulfate, chlorine dioxide, iodine and phenol–containing compounds are the most commonly used methods for controlling C. michiganense subsp. Plants produce antimicrobial substances that can act as defense mechanisms against phytopathogens [12,13,14,15]
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