Abstract
Introduction: Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) is an ultrarare autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular junction characterized by proximal muscle weakness, arreflexia and autonomic dysfunction due to presynaptic dysfunction caused by autoantibodies against the P/Q-type voltagegated calcium channel with diminished release of acetylcholine. LEMS can occurs as a primary autoimmune disorder or as paraneoplastic disorder with more than half of LEMS cases associated with small cell lung cancer. Objectives: The main objective of this study is described clinical, epidemiological, serological, and neurophysiological findings of a Brazilian cohort with definitive diagnosis of Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS). Results We identified eight patients with definitive LEMS with a 2:1 male/ female prevalence, all present with proximal muscle weakness with lower limb predominance and the most common autonomic dysfunction were xeropthalmia in 100% of patients, orthostatic hypotension presented in 6 of 9 patients and erectile dysfunction in all male patients. Conclusions: LEMS should always be suspected in patients with proximal muscle weakness associated with autonomic dysfunction and in this Brazilian cohort most cases were seronegative and do not have correlation with small-cell lung cancer in contrast with the current knowledge of disease.
Highlights
Capsaicin is able to induce mast cell degranulation, an event probably related to the pathophysiology of a migraine attack
The present review study aimed to address the mechanisms of action of capsaicin and other chemical inducers in mast cell degranulation and an interaction of nerves and events that happen in the dura mater with the activation of mast cells
Conclusion: the analyzed data indicate that the polymorphisms contributed to the susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease (PD), further studies related to the polymorphisms and their relationship to PD are still needed for more ethnic groups, and early diagnosis is possible
Summary
Capsaicin is able to induce mast cell degranulation, an event probably related to the pathophysiology of a migraine attack. Methods: A literature review and an observational, descriptive and transversal data collect on treatment for acute demyelinating polyradiculoneuritis, available at DATASUS from January 2008 to December 2020, and articles available at Scielo and PubMed. Results: There were 7,917 hospitalizations, representing a total expenditure of R$ 9,392,552.04, 2009 being the year with the highest number of hospitalizations (809) and 2017 with the highest amount spent during the period (R$ 967,284.65). Methods: A literature review and an observational, descriptive and transversal data collect on surgical treatment was carried out, available from January 2008 to December 2020 and articles available in Scielo, Lilacs and PubMed. Results: There were 15,148 hospitalizations for surgical procedures for the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma, representing a total expenditure of R$ 45,365,258.21, with 2018 being the year with the highest number of hospitalizations (1,418) and with the highest amount spent during the period (R$ 4,570,334.28). Conclusions: The “Coca-Cola Bottle sign” is a classic sign of Graves’ disease, some signs, such as, unilateral and single orbital musculature involvement, may be suggestive of involvement by other etiologies, suggesting the benefit of an early expanded investigation
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