Lake Poyang ecosystem services changes in the last 30 years

Abstract

鄱阳湖是我国最大淡水湖，在维持区域生态安全和生态平衡中发挥重要作用.为了解近30年鄱阳湖生态系统服务变化情况，本文对已有文献与监测数据进行收集整理，直接获取鄱阳湖水资源供给、渔业资源供给、水环境净化服务数据，通过输沙量法、Berger-Parker优势度指数计算泥沙淤积调控和生物多样性维持服务，利用RMSD方法分析1992—2014年鄱阳湖生态系统服务关系.结果表明：（1）渔业资源供给和水环境净化服务不断下降，水资源供给和泥沙淤积调控服务在2010s有所恢复；（2）冬候鸟种类和数量增加，鱼类种群结构逐渐恢复，但Berger-Parker指数总体上升；（3）浮游植物、底栖动物多样性上升，浮游动物多样性下降；（4）不同时间尺度各服务间均为高权衡关系，水环境净化服务相对收益始终高于其他服务.;As the largest freshwater lake in China, Lake Poyang plays a vital role in maintaining regional ecological security and ecological balance. Due to natural changes and human activities, the hydrology and hydrodynamics of Lake Poyang changed, and the ecosystem of Lake Poyang was seriously threatened, which directly led to the degradation of ecosystem services. In order to capture ecosystem services changes of the Lake Poyang in the past 30 years, the existing literature and monitoring data were systematically collected and sorted to obtain data on Lake Poyang's water supply, fish supply, and water depuration services directly. Sediment transport method and Berger-Parker index were used to estimate sedimentation control and biodiversity protection services. The root mean square deviation (RMSD) method was applied to explore the temporal change of the trade-off relationships of Lake Poyang from 1992 to 2014. The results show that: (1) Fish supply and water depuration services continued to decline. Water supply and sedimentation control services recovered gradually in the 2010s. (2) The biodiversity of winter migratory birds and fish biodiversity increased slightly, characterised by the increased species and number of winter migratory birds and the fish population composition. (3) The biodiversity of phytoplankton and benthic animals increased, and the biodiversity of zooplankton decreased. (4) All the ecosystem service pairs had high trade-off relationships, and water depuration service always had a relatively higher benefit than other services.