Abstract
This paper presents four different approaches to the solution of the non-linear static-equilibrium problem in complex linkages, including rigid and elastic elements. The error function is based on the potential of the system, and includes rigid elements by means of non-linear constraints. To this end use is made of Lagrange multipliers, along with the primal-dual method, penalty functions and weighted stiffness, comparisons being made between them. A Newton-Raphson method is used in seeking function minima for equilibrium positions. This procedure is also directly applicable to the other linkage and multibody position problems.
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