Abstract
Previous animal studies have shown that the administration of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus can provide a protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion and necrotic injury to the intestine, liver, and heart, as well as a therapeutic effect to the outcome of ischemic injury to the heart, including cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. We hypothesized that L. rhamnosus GR-1 major secreted protein 1 (MSP-1), also known as p75, plays a major role in this phenomenon. Experiments using neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes showed that live and dead GR-1 bacteria, probiotic-conditioned media, and other probiotic species and strains inhibited the α1-adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine-induced hypertrophy as assessed by markers atrial natriuretic peptide and α-skeletal actin. However, using a mutant strain, we showed that this MSP-1 was not required for the inhibition. The ability of factors produced by lactobacilli to improve cardiac function warrants further study for the management of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Highlights
In a previous study, we reported that L. rhamnosus GR-1 significantly improved the outcome after ischemia-induced heart failure in rats, by administering the probiotics in the drinking water daily for 4–6 weeks [1]
In order to determine the hypertrophic response to PE administration, and to rule out that MRS broth affects the growth of cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NVCM), 50 μL of sterile MRS broth was added NVCM culture with or without PE
This study showed that probiotic L. rhamnosus GR-1 and its supernatant can attenuate hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes
Summary
We reported that L. rhamnosus GR-1 significantly improved the outcome after ischemia-induced heart failure in rats, by administering the probiotics in the drinking water daily for 4–6 weeks [1]. One of the main parameters of heart failure measured in this study was cardiac hypertrophy, which was significantly attenuated by the administration of probiotics [1]. This raised the question of what might be inducing the effect. Soluble factors recovered from L. rhamnosus GG (LGG) supernatant exhibited this ability to prevent cytokine-mediated cell apoptosis, as well as induce cytoprotection through HSP induction [2]. Efforts to purify and characterize the soluble factors in LGG supernatant elucidated 2 proteins that promote cell growth and prevent apoptosis: p75 and p40 (named after their approximate weight in kD) [3,4].
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