Abstract
BackgroundLactobacillus plantarum is considered as a safe and effective probiotic microorganism. Among various sources of isolation, traditionally fermented foods are considered to be rich in Lactobacillus spp., which can be exploited for their probiotic attribute. Antibacterial property of L. plantarum has been demonstrated against various enteric pathogens in both in vitro and in vivo systems. This study was aimed at characterizing L. plantarum isolated from Kutajarista, an ayurvedic fermented biomedicine, and assessing its antagonistic property against a common enteropathogen Aeromonas veronii.ResultsWe report the isolation of L. plantarum (VR1) from Kutajarista, and efficacy of its cell free supernatant (CFS) in amelioration of cytotoxicity caused by Aeromonas veronii. On the part of probiotic attributes, VR1 was tolerant to pH 2, 0.3% bile salts and simulated gastric juice. Additionally, VR1 also exhibited adhesive property to human intestinal HT-29 cell line. Furthermore, CFS of VR1 was antibacterial to enteric pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas veronii and clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Detailed study regarding the effect of VR1 CFS on A. veronii cytotoxicity showed a significant decrease in vacuole formation and detrimental cellular changes in Vero cells. On the other hand, A. veronii CFS caused disruption of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and actin in MDCK cell line, which was prevented by pre-incubation with CFS of VR1.ConclusionsThis is the first study to report isolation of L. plantarum (VR1) from Kutajarista and characterisation for its probiotic attributes. Our study demonstrates the antagonistic property of VR1 to A. veronii and effect of VR1 CFS in reduction of cellular damage caused by A. veronii in both Vero and MDCK cell lines.
Highlights
Lactobacillus plantarum is considered as a safe and effective probiotic microorganism
VR1 isolated from Kutajarista exhibited strong probiotic attributes Twelve isolates obtained after enrichment of Kutajarista in Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) broth were identified on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing
We found that A. veronii caused epithelial damage by disruption of ZO-1 and F-Actin in MDCK cell line, which was prevented by pre-incubation with VR1 supernatant for 6 h, whereas co-incubation was not able to restore the epithelial integrity
Summary
Lactobacillus plantarum is considered as a safe and effective probiotic microorganism. Among various sources of isolation, traditionally fermented foods are considered to be rich in Lactobacillus spp., which can be exploited for their probiotic attribute. Antibacterial property of L. plantarum has been demonstrated against various enteric pathogens in both in vitro and in vivo systems. There are growing number of studies that show the ability of Lactobacillus spp. to antagonize various pathogens, like enterohemorrhagic E. coli [9,10], Helicobacter pylori [11], Salmonella typhimurium [12], Shigella dysenteriae [13], using in vitro and in vivo systems. Probiotic microorganisms like Lactobacillus spp. exert beneficial effects on epithelial cells by secreting bioactive and extracellular proteins. Immunolocalization studies on tight junction proteins like ZO-1, claudin and F-actin demonstrate preventive role of L. sobrius in enterotoxigenic effect of E. coli K88 [18]
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