Lacosamide: An investigational drug for adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures

Abstract

Lacosamide, (R)-2-acetamido-N-benzyl-3-meth- oxypropionamide, is a new chemical entity specifically synthesized as an anticonvulsive drug candidate, which appears to have a novel dual mode of action. Its pharmacokinetic characteristics have been studied in young and elderly healthy adults, as well as in adults with epilepsy or diabetic neuropathic pain. After oral administration, lacosamide is rapidly and completely absorbed. An elimination half-life of 13 hours allows for twice-daily dosing. Lacosamide has a low potential for drug-drug interactions. Both oral and intravenous formulations of lacosamide are being developed. In completed placebo-controlled clinical trials, lacosamide has demonstrated efficacy as adjunctive therapy for reduction of seizure frequency in patients with uncontrolled partial-onset seizures, and has been generally well tolerated. For patients treated with lacosamide, the most frequently reported adverse events in placebo-controlled trials include dizziness, headache, nausea and diplopia. When used as short-term replacement for oral lacosamide, intravenous lacosamide has a comparable safety profile to oral lacosamide. Results from clinical trials to date suggest that lacosamide may be a useful pharmacological treatment option for patients with partial-onset seizures.