Lack of polysomnographic Non‐REM sleep changes in early Parkinson's disease

Nico J Diederich,Michel Vaillant,Géraldine Hipp,Vannina Pieri,Olivier Rufra

doi:10.1002/mds.25520

Nico J Diederich, Michel Vaillant + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.25520

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Abstract

BackgroundPolysomnography (PSG) data are rare in patients who have early stage idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD).MethodsThirty-three patients who had IPD with a disease duration ≤3 years and 37 age-matched controls were recruited. PSG analysis was performed on current medication.ResultsPatients with IPD had a reduced mean percentage of muscle atonia during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (80% vs 93%; P < 0.05). Total sleep time, sleep efficiency, indices/hour of arousals, awakenings, apnea/hypopnea, and periodic leg movements were similar in both groups. Age, but not dopaminergic medication, had a negative impact on sleep architecture in patients with IPD. There was no correlation between sleep efficiency assessed by PSG and sleep quality assessed by questionnaire.ConclusionsThe results confirmed a reduction in muscle atonia during REM sleep as a characteristic finding in early IPD. However, there were no further disease-inherent or medication-induced changes in sleep architecture. Although sleep disturbances are considered to be an integral part of IPD, PSG cannot yet identify them objectively at an early stage. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

Highlights

Polysomnography (PSG) data are rare in patients who have early stage idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD)
Patients with IPD had the same amount of total sleep, the same percentage of sleep efficiency, and similar distribution of the different sleep stages
After omission of the nonsignificant interaction between age and diagnosis of IPD, there was an effect of age (P 5 0.001; general linear model) on sleep efficiency

Summary

Introduction

Polysomnography (PSG) data are rare in patients who have early stage idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD). Methods: Thirty-three patients who had IPD with a disease duration 3 years and 37 age-matched controls were recruited. Results: Patients with IPD had a reduced mean percentage of muscle atonia during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (80% vs 93%; P < 0.05). But not dopaminergic medication, had a negative impact on sleep architecture in patients with IPD. Conclusions: The results confirmed a reduction in muscle atonia during REM sleep as a characteristic finding in early IPD. There were no further disease-inherent or medication-induced changes in sleep architecture. Sleep disturbances are considered to be an integral part of IPD, PSG cannot yet identify them objectively at an early stage.

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