Abstract
The overweight and obese population experiences a higher occurrence of both hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome. The present study was to explore the relationship between serum uric acid and metabolic syndrome-related risk factors among 409 obese Chinese adults (254 women and 155 men) with >24 kg/m2 BMI. Based on sex-specific reference ranges, 233 (57%) patients showed elevated serum uric acid. A total of 15 attributes were selected to assess the associations between elevated serum uric acid and components of metabolic syndrome, including serum uric acid, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, urine microalbumin, muscle mass amount, BMI, and age. Among the participants stratified into three groups of grade I, grade II, and grade III obesity, as well as among the participants stratified into male and female groups, univariate correlation analysis identified a negative association (P < 0.01) for age, positive associations (P < 0.01) for BMI, muscle mass, alanine aminotransferase, and creatinine. The stepwise multivariate logistic regression proved similar associations for age, BMI, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase. No significant associations were testified between serum uric acid levels and cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR, and urine microalbumin. Factor analysis illustrated that 15 attributes could be grouped into two common factors and five individual factors. A common underlying factor was identified among uric acid, muscle mass, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, and BMI. The results indicate that serum uric acid has no apparent association with metabolic syndromes that are commonly characterized by hypertension, dyslipidemia, and T2DM.
Highlights
Overweight and obesity are chronic diseases with a manifestation of accumulating excessive fat mass in the body
This disorder often associates with numerous medical complications, mostly with metabolic syndrome [2] that is characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [3], hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia [4]
Our findings have shown that uric acid is significantly associated only with age, body mass index (BMI), creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase, and it is not associated with HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, homeostatic model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and urine microalbumin
Summary
Overweight and obesity are chronic diseases with a manifestation of accumulating excessive fat mass in the body. People are generally considered to be obese when their body mass index (BMI) is over 30 kg/m2, while those with a BMI of 24–30 kg/m2 are defined as overweight [1] This disorder often associates with numerous medical complications, mostly with metabolic syndrome [2] that is characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [3], hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia [4]. These complications are considered to be risk factors for cardiovascular events. Uric acid has a proinflammatory effect, and its crystals can result in sudden pain in joints, an appearance of gout [6]
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