Labral Index—Controlling Femoral Size to Evaluate the Relationship Between Relative Labral Size and Acetabular Version

Abstract

PurposeTo assess the relationship of acetabular version with the length of the anterior and posterior labrum and to introduce a developed metric, the labral index, as a means of controlling for femoral head size when measuring labral length.MethodsOne hundred forty-eight patients who underwent hip arthroscopies for femoroacetabular impingement from October 2017 to October 2019 by a single hip surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. Magnetic resonance imaging arthrogram was used to measure central acetabular version (at the center of the femoral head) and cranial acetabular version (at the midpoint between the acetabular roof and center of the femoral head), as well as labral length at the anterior, posterior, and superolateral locations (3, 9, and 12 o’clock, respectively). Labral index was calculated by dividing anterior, posterior, and superolateral labral lengths by the radius of the femoral head. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the association between the 2 continuous variables. A priori alpha of 0.05 was established as the cutoff for significance.ResultsForty-three patients (26 female, 17 male) with an average age of 34.2 ± 11.6 years were included in analysis. Increased central anteversion was significantly associated with a larger anterior labral length and index (P = .023, r = 0.343 and .005, r = 0.415, respectively). Cranial anteversion weakly correlated with a significantly increased anterior labral index (P = .047, r = 0.304) but not with larger anterior labral length (P = .089, r = 0.262). No statistically significant association was present for central or cranial version with posterior or superolateral labral measurements. Lateral center edge angle did not correlate with labral size at any location.ConclusionsIn patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement, greater acetabular anteversion was significantly associated but weakly correlated with increased anterior labral length, whereas no association was found between posterior labral length and acetabular version. The labral index may be a useful metric to normalize labral length relative to the radius of the femoral head that warrants further investigation for its clinical utility in guiding labral reconstruction versus labral repair.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, diagnostic case series.