Abstract
This research note critiques published quantitative sources on employment in manufacturing enterprises during a crucial epoch of rapid industrialization, and uses newly discovered archival sources to investigate organizational dualism, the co-existence of labour and capital-intensive modes of production. New quantitative data demonstrates that a high proportion of the industrial workforce was employed in small enterprises, notably workshops using labour-intensive techniques. New surveys of two ‘traditional’ Hong Kong industries (rattan ware furniture and basket ware; and umbrella making) show that factory, workshop, and home-based production co-existed within the same sector across the whole period, 1950–70.
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