Abstract
A new-type laboratory experiment of magnetic reconnection has been developed at TS device (University of Tokyo) using two merging spheromaks and tokamaks. It enables us to form spontaneously closed current-sheet in Magnetohydrodynamic regime, eliminating boundary problems of the previous open-type reconnection experiments. The reconnection speed was observed to increase with increasing external force to compress the sheet (driven reconnection) and with decreasing the third magnetic field component BX Parallel to the sheet (three-component reconnection). The most probable cause of these effects is the anomalous resistivity of the sheet that appears when the sheet width is compressed shorter than its ion gyro-radius. Ion acceleration and following direct ion heating of magnetic reconnection were also directly measured for the first time. The ion heating as well as the anomalous resistivity is suppressed with increasing BX, in agreement with the high Ti(>Te) characteristics of RFPs With small BX and the Ti ≈Te ones of tokamaks with large BX.
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