Laboratory evaluation of chemical-biological control of the rice weevil ( Sitophilus oryzae L.) in stored grains

Abstract

The virulence of ten different fungal isolates of: Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Verticillium lecanii and Paecilomyces farinosus to the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae was tested. A fungal mix of the most efficient isolates, B. bassiana ARSEF 5500+ M. anisopliae ARSEF 2974, which caused the highest mortality, was assayed in combination with fenitrothion at a concentration lower (3 ppm) than the normal 6 ppm. Fungal inoculation of insects was done by spraying conidial suspensions of each fungus on wheat. Insecticide formulations were added by spraying wheat. Treated and untreated insects were incubated on durum wheat. Insects were kept in a climatized chamber for 30 days. Observations were performed at 7, 14 and 30 days to record insect mortality. Highly significant differences were demonstrated for B. bassiana 5500 and 5501 and for M. anisopliae 2974. The level of mortality produced by treatments was: 6 ppm insecticide=97.50%, B. bassiana ARSEF 5500+ M. anisopliae ARSEF 2974+3 ppm insecticide=74.17%, B. bassiana ARSEF 5500+ M.anisopliae ARSEF 2974=50% and 3 ppm insecticide=37.50%. There was a statistically significant difference ( p<0.05) among treatments.