Laboratory Design and Operations

Abstract

Molecular methods play an increasingly important role in diagnostic microbiologic testing, and this trend will continue with the introduction of new technologies and continued improvement in current assay designs. Individual laboratories considering the implementation of such molecular methods for diagnostic testing face unique challenges in achieving optimal laboratory design and operations that may vary greatly depending on the laboratory setting and the molecular methods employed. Efficient laboratory operation and workflow are closely dependent on optimal design of the laboratory space, and in turn, optimal laboratory design is influenced by the various assay methods and instruments used in the laboratory. Chemical fume hoods and cabinets for storage of hazardous chemicals and flammable liquids should also be incorporated in the overall laboratory design. Efficient clinical laboratory operations providing quality testing services are dependent on several key elements. In addition to the use of dedicated work areas and equipment, regular cleaning and decontamination can also be effective in further reducing the likelihood of amplicon contamination. Specific precautions that should be considered prior to implementation of three molecular diagnostic methods–hybridization-based methods, target amplification-based methods, and target amplification-detection and postamplification analysis methods–have been discussed in the chapter.