Abstract
Labor mobility is at the core of regional integration and social protection of workers in different RECs. In sub-Saharan Africa, for instance, most countries belong to more than one REC–ECOWAS in Western Africa, the East African Community (EAC) in East Africa, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) in East and Southern Africa, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in East Africa and the Horn of Africa, and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) in Southern Africa. Each has made different progress towards regional integration but in all these RECs, labor mobility is supposed to take place in the context of the “free or facilitated movement” framework. Within this framework, there are essentially similar and successive phases, namely movement, residence and establishment.
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