LABOR HISTORY SYMPOSIUM

Abstract

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Some far leftist movements in Italy and Germany in the 1970s and the animal liberation fundamentalists in the UK followed such a path. The best way to avoid this happening is above all what Dawson recommends the most: community building and empowerment of the ordinary people, of those who are the most directly concerned, by concrete initiatives, rather than highlighting enlightened elite fighters, however idealistic and generous they may be. Comp. Waterman Waterman Peter Globalization, Social Movements and the New Internationalisms London: Continuum 2001 [Google Scholar], Globalization, Social Movements and the New Internationalisms. Richards Richards Andrew, J Miners on Strike. Class Solidarity and Division in Britain. Oxford: Berg 1996 [Google Scholar], Miners on Strike. Class Solidarity and Division in Britain. Richards Richards Andrew, J ‘The Crisis of Union Representation.’ In Can Class Still Unite? 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Trade Unions between Ideology and Social Action in the New Europe edited by Pasture Patrick Verberckmoes Johan Witte Hans De Aldershot: Avebury 1996 vol. 2 218 37 [Google Scholar], ‘Feminine Intrusions in a Culture of Masculinity,’ vol. 2, 218–237 and Pasture Pasture Patrick ‘Reflections on the Fate of Ideologies and Trade Unions.’ In The Lost Perspective? Trade Unions between Ideology and Social Action in the New Europe edited by Pasture Patrick Verberckmoes Johan Witte Hans De Aldershot: Avebury 1996 vol. 2 377 403 [Google Scholar], ‘Reflections on the Fate of Ideologies and Trade Unions,’ vol. 2, 377–403. Occasionally I refer to a quite different concept of ‘modernity’ than is customary in the scientific literature. An elaborate manuscript on the subject is still in the making. See also Moody Moody Kim Workers in a Lean World: Unions in the International Economy. 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Clawson makes clear what he refers to when he discusses new social moments, so his use of the term is not problematic for his argument. However, while I recognize that the term is widely used, I think it is problematic. Considering the women's movement, for example, it is neither new, having roots in 18th century struggles, nor limited to the social. It always has been an explicitly political movement. Likewise, 19th century anti‐racist struggles were militant and political. Referring to them as new and social obscures their important history. For a discussion about the relationship between the labor and women's movements that makes this argument, see Luxton Luxton, Meg. Fall 2001. ‘Feminism as a Class Act: Working Class Feminism and the Women's Movement.’, Labour/le Travail, 48: 63–88. [Google Scholar] ‘Feminism as a Class Act: Working Class Feminism and the Women's Movement,’ 63–88. 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