Labelling experiments and phase-age distributions for multiphase branching processes

Abstract

A supercritical age-dependent branching process is considered in which the lifespan of each individual is composed of four phases whose durations have joint probability density f(x 1, x 2, x 3, x 4). Starting with a single individual of age zero at time zero we consider the asymptotic behaviour as t→ ∞ of the random variable Z (4) (a 0,…, a n , t) defined as the number of individuals in phase 4 at time t for which the elapsed phase durations Y 01,…, Y 04,…, Yi 1,…, Yi 4,…, Yn 4 of the individual itself and its first n ancestors satisfy the inequalities Yij ≦ aij , i = 0,…, n, j = 1,…, 4. The application of the results to the analysis of cell-labelling experiments is described. Finally we state an analogous result which defines (conditional on eventual non-extinction of the population) the asymptotic joint distribution of the phase and elapsed phase durations of an individual drawn at random from the population and the phase durations of its ancestors.