Abstract
Media-based space-time block coded spatial modulation (MBSTBC-SM) combines the advantages of media-based modulation (MBM) and STBC-SM. Meanwhile, labelling diversity (LD) has been applied to STBC-SM and improve the error performance. Hence, this paper proposes the application of LD to MBSTBC-SM in the form of MBSTBC-SM-LD over a fast, frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channel, without channel estimation. The proposed MBSTBC-SM-LD demonstrates an improved average bit error rate (BER) performance over MBSTBC-SM and STBC-SM. For example, a 4 × 4, m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rf</sub> = 2 MBSTBC-SM-LD demonstrates a 2 dB gain in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over MBSTBC-SM. Furthermore, the analytical framework for the union bound on the average BER of MBSTBC-SM-LD is formulated, and validates the Monte Carlo simulation results for the MBSTBC-SM system over a fast, frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channel. In addition, a low-complexity detector, which is able to achieve 73% reduction in computational complexity of MBSTBC-SM-LD, while maintaining a near-ML error performance is proposed.
Highlights
The 5G and future wireless communication systems require higher data rates, increased spectral efficiency and improved quality of service or link reliability for improved real-time multimedia services
RF mirror was applied to singleinput-multiple output in the form of SIMO-MBM and Spatial modulation (SM) in the form of SM-MBM/spatial media-based modulation (SMBM) [8], [10], which resulted in improved spectral efficiency/error performance
We propose an orthogonal projection-based low-complexity detector for the proposed MBSTBC-SM-labelling diversity (LD) system, over a fast frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channel, having NR receive antennas, NT transmit antennas and mrf RF mirrors associated with each transmit antenna
Summary
The 5G and future wireless communication systems require higher data rates, increased spectral efficiency and improved quality of service or link reliability for improved real-time multimedia services. Several schemes, which employ the indexes of the transmit antennas to transmit additional information in the form of index modulation, have been proposed in the literature. MIMO systems, employ both index modulation and APM symbols to transmit information, improving the spectral efficiency of traditional MIMO. RF mirror was applied to singleinput-multiple output in the form of SIMO-MBM and SM in the form of SM-MBM/spatial media-based modulation (SMBM) [8], [10], which resulted in improved spectral efficiency/error performance. One of the major advantage of orthogonal projection, is that it offers communication engineers a choice on the extent of trade-off between the BER performance and the computational complexity that is desired It can be applied for fast or quasi-static fading channels. Coefficient, w 2p represents the nearest power of two, less than or equal to the w
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