Abstract
BackgroundSpotted stem borer- Chilo partellus - a Lepidopteran insect pest of Sorghum bicolor is responsible for major economic losses. It is an oligophagous pest, which bores through the plant stem, causing ‘deadheart’ and hampering the development of the main cob. We applied a label-free quantitative proteomics approach on three genotypes of S. bicolor with differential resistance/ susceptibility to insect pests, intending to identify the S. bicolor’s systemic protein complement contributing to C. partellus tolerance.MethodsThe proteomes of S. bicolor with variable resistance to insect pests, ICSV700, IS2205 (resistant) and Swarna (susceptible) were investigated and compared using label-free quantitative proteomics to identify putative leaf proteins contributing to resistance to C. partellus.ResultsThe multivariate analysis on a total of 967 proteins led to the identification of proteins correlating with insect resistance/susceptibility of S. bicolor. Upon C. partellus infestation S. bicolor responded by suppression of protein and amino acid biosynthesis, and induction of proteins involved in maintaining photosynthesis and responding to stresses. The gene ontology analysis revealed that C. partellus-responsive proteins in resistant S. bicolor genotypes were mainly involved in stress and defense, small molecule biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, catalytic and translation regulation activities. At steady-state, the resistant S. bicolor genotypes displayed at least two-fold higher numbers of unique proteins than the susceptible genotype Swarna, mostly involved in catalytic activities. Gene expression analysis of selected candidates was performed on S. bicolor by artificial induction to mimic C. partellus infestation.ConclusionThe collection of identified proteins differentially expressed in resistant S. bicolor, are interesting candidates for further elucidation of their role in defense against insect pests.
Highlights
Spotted stem borer- Chilo partellus - a Lepidopteran insect pest of Sorghum bicolor is responsible for major economic losses
The earlier studies had indicated that ICSV700 and IS2205 were having moderate to good resistance to insect pests respectively, while Swarna was insect susceptible, but displayed desirable agronomic traits namely early flowering, lower plant height and higher seed mass [30]
The proteome data consisted of 967 characterized proteins, of which 232 were commonly detected in all treatments, 93 were differentially abundant across treatments, proteins common to a subset of treatments namely -induced A, C, E and steadystate B, D, F were 72 and 80 respectively, while the sum of proteins uniquely detected in each treatment (A-F) were 617
Summary
Spotted stem borer- Chilo partellus - a Lepidopteran insect pest of Sorghum bicolor is responsible for major economic losses. It is an oligophagous pest, which bores through the plant stem, causing ‘deadheart’ and hampering the development of the main cob. S. bicolor (L.) Moench is an important food, forage and biofuel Saccharinae crop cultivated world over, and recognized for its high yield and stress tolerance. It is the fifth most important cereal crop in the world after rice, wheat, maize and barley and it is the third important cereal crop after rice and wheat in India [1]. C. partellus neonates feed on tender leaves, causing leaf-scarification, shot-holes and later bore into the stem, causing deadheart [7], destruction of the meristem, and disruption of flowering/ seed set [8, 9]
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