Abstract
This paper presents a novel application of a highly sensitive sensor based on long-period gratings (LPGs) coated with T4 bacteriophage adhesin for Gram-negative bacteria detection. We show here, that the sensor evidently recognizes Escherichia coli K-12 (PCM2560), whereas in the reference tests - ELISA and BIAcore - the results are questionable. For LPGs sensor the resonant wavelength shift observed for E. coli K-12 was approximately half of that measured for E.coli B (positive control). The BIAcore readings (RU) for E. coli K-12 were at 10% level of the signal obtained for E .coli B. These results confirm the improved sensitivity of the LPGs sensor. Moreover, we also show that application of adhesin may allow for efficient detection of E. coli O111 (PCM418), Klebsiella pneumoniae O1 (PCM1) and Yersinia enterocolitica O1 (PCM1879). The specificity of binding bacteria by the adhesin is discussed and it is determined by a distinct region of lipopolysaccharide receptors and/or by the presence of outer-membrane protein C in an outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
Highlights
Nowadays, detection of pathogenic bacteria is critical in the food industry and in monitoring of water reservoirs
This paper presents a novel application of a highly sensitive sensor based on long-period gratings (LPGs) coated with T4 bacteriophage adhesin for Gram-negative bacteria detection
We showed that an LPG sensor coated with T4 phage adhesin recognizes the LPS of E. coli B with a high specificity
Summary
Detection of pathogenic bacteria is critical in the food industry and in monitoring of water reservoirs. Much attention has been given to the application of labelfree detection mechanisms based on optical fiber sensors These sensors can detect changes in thickness or in the optical properties of the bio-layer formed on the surface of target microorganisms. Several highly sensitive sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), reverse symmetry waveguides (RSW), metal clad waveguides and long-period gratings (LPG) have been reported [3]. It must be noted that a number of investigated liquids, including the buffer and bacteria solutions used in biosensing experiments, can accelerate corrosion of metal-containing devices For this reason, the fused silica surface of the LPG is very promising as a corrosion-resistant and biocompatible sensor interface. The biological aspect of Gram-negative bacteria group recognition is investigated in detail
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