Label Free Glucose Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene):Polystyrene Sulfonate/Titanium Carbide/Graphene Quantum Dots.

Siti Nashruddin,Jaafar Abdullah,Mohd Mat Zaid,Ooi Choon,Mohd Mohd Razip Wee,Muhammad Mohammad Haniff

doi:10.3390/bios11080267

Siti Nashruddin, Jaafar Abdullah + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11080267

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Abstract

The electrochemical biosensor devices based on enzymes for monitoring biochemical substances are still considered attractive. We investigated the immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) on a new composite nanomaterial poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/titanium carbide,(Ti3C2)/graphene quantum dots(GQD) modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for glucose sensing. The characterization and electrochemical behavior of PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2/GQD towards the electrocatalytic oxidation of GOx was analyzed by FTIR, XPS, SEM, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). This composite nanomaterial was found to tend to increase the electrochemical behavior and led to a higher peak current of 100.17 µA compared to 82.01 µA and 95.04 µA for PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2 alone. Moreover, the detection results demonstrated that the fabricated biosensor had a linear voltammetry response in the glucose concentration range 0–500 µM with a relatively sensitivity of 21.64 µAmM−1cm−2 and a detection limit of 65 µM (S/N = 3), with good stability and selectivity. This finding could be useful as applicable guidance for the modification screen printed carbon (SPCE) electrodes focused on composite PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2/GQD for efficient detection using an enzyme-based biosensor.

Highlights

Diabetes disease is a condition with an excess of blood glucose that mainly originates from unhealthy food consumption [1]
The FTIR spectra of PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2/graphene quantum dots (GQD) were measured in the presence and absence of glucose oxidase immobilization
A novel nanomaterial for the development of an electrochemical sensor to determine glucose based on PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2/GQD has been proposed in this study

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes disease is a condition with an excess of blood glucose that mainly originates from unhealthy food consumption [1]. Experts claim that diabetes can be reversed as early as 3–5 years in disease by normalizing blood sugar levels without medication. The limitations of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) are mostly related to low current if used without any modifications which restrict its selectivity and sensitivity. To increase the efficiency of SPCE, the working electrode surface normally needs to be modified by adding a modifier that provides higher conductivity and accelerates the transfer of electrons [5]. Such electrode modifications may strengthen signal transduction at the electrode–electrolyte interchange by improving sensitivity and limits of detection [6]

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