La synergie des dynamiques qualitatives et quantitatives du crime dans la théorie du processus criminogène

Abstract

ObjectivesBy taking support on the criminal process theory, we elaborated a theoretical conciliatory reading of the crime for an optimization of the practices. For that purpose, we envisaged a compromise between the current contradictions of the various psycho-criminological approaches, that is between the clinical and behavioral indications, the qualitative and quantitative variables, and the theoretical and practical approaches. The criminal process theory is used as tool of unification of the various practices of crime analysis, by allowing the integration of the crime scene dynamics in the structuring sequenced of the acting out. Patients or materials and methodsOur analyses are on the theoretical approaches and on the practical tools, by trying a synergic modeling of these underlined by schematic illustrations. On the crime scene, several behavioral characteristics can be analyzed, like the degree of crimes planning and the control used by the offender, the overkill of the feelings on the crime scene, the level of risk of the victim and the offender, and the appearance of the crime scene. In a first time, we studied these general characteristics (Modus operandi, Personation, Victimology, Space-time, criminal Trajectory), then in second time, we observed the modern perceptions of the crime in the French judicial services (TAAC and PRACTIS), to propose a practical reflection about the notions involved. ResultsBy working the crime according to its time process, every period of the space-time of the criminal situational action could indicate, under the shape of variables, the following modalities: the quantitative level-headedness of the duration of “criminal periods” (periods emotionally and/or behaviorally invested), the “general signature” (quantitative and qualitative emotional variable), the “behavioral signature” (psycho-criminological syndromes constituted of the operational thematics), the “significant variable” (positive and negative overturning of the crime). According to this congruence of the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the crime, the analyst could more easily structure and motivate his appreciation. ConclusionsThe theoretical synergy of crime analysis, bound to a practical modeling, has for aim the criminological evaluation a posteriori of variables constituting the crime and not the direct therapeutic care. The clinician can however refer to the established customs, in a therapeutic use, by opening up the psycho-criminological variables of the situational act. We pursued the modelisation of the criminal process theory, both in its theoretical and practical modalities, by integrating it in various plans of Profiling analysis. The presented model could be used in the cases of expertise of crime analysis. It will be a question later of tempting an exploratory application, then confirmatory, of the model of crime process analysis and its synergical dynamics.