Abstract
The political return of Cosimo il Vecchio de’ Medici (1389-1464) in Florence in 1434 does not lead the city to a noble constitutional order, legitimated, de iure, by the acknowledgement of ducal titles on the part of the empire. Cosimo’s mandate protracts until 1464, thus giving birth to a long period dominated by the family’s predominant influence on the city’s political, religious, cultural and artistic life. In this period, the Medici party seeks to abolish partisanship by organizing themselves in a uniformed way and by making the mere existence of the «guelfo» party (on power in Florence for over a century) redundant. However, even if the government is led by means of a constitutional system of republican origin, Cosimo achieves political control by inflicting exemplary punishment. The city’s identity remains marked by a council-like tradition and the political opponents’ voice continues to be suppressed by means of different ways of political exclusion. The attitude chosen by the Medici against the system’s opponents is one of life-long male line political discredit. By means of the political use of the Otto di guardia, Cosimo starts keeping tabs on the members of the opposition: among those left out there is nobody accused of having committed a crime or of having stolen money from the community; those confined are listed on the Otto di guardia code number 224 of the State of Florence archive and consequently persecuted by this judiciary, explicitly because of political reasons as representatives of anti Medici political parties.
Highlights
SOMMARIO: Il rientro politico di Cosimo il Vecchio dei Medici (1389-1464) nel 1434 a Firenze continua a non condurre la città a un assetto costituzionale signorile legittimato de iure dal riconoscimento di titoli ducali da parte dell’Impero
RESUMEN: El regreso político a Florencia de Cósimo el Viejo de Medici (13891464) en 1434 no conduce la ciudad a un orden constitucional noble, legitimado de iure por el reconocimiento de títulos ducales de parte del Imperio
Por Medio del uso político de los Otto di guardia, Cósimo comienza por realizar un registro sistemático de los miembros de la oposición a los Medici: entre los excluídos no hay ningun acusado de haber cometido delitos, de haber cometido crímenes, de haber robado dinero a la comunidad; a los recluidos se los registra en el código 224 de los Otto di guardia del Archivo del Estado de Florencia, y consiguientemente son perseguidos por esta magistratura explícitamente por motivos políticos en cuanto exponentes de partidos anti Medici
Summary
SOMMARIO: Il rientro politico di Cosimo il Vecchio dei Medici (1389-1464) nel 1434 a Firenze continua a non condurre la città a un assetto costituzionale signorile legittimato de iure dal riconoscimento di titoli ducali da parte dell’Impero. Attraverso l’uso politico degli Otto di guardia Cosimo fa iniziare la schedatura sistematica dei membri dell’opposizione antimedicea: tra gli esclusi non c’è nessuno che venga accusato di aver commesso delitti, di aver commesso misfatti, di aver rubato denaro alla comunità; i confinati sono rubricati nel codice 224 degli Otto di guardia dell’Archivio di Stato di Firenze e quindi perseguiti da questa magistratura esplicitamente per motivi politici in quanto esponenti della fazione antimedicea.
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