Abstract

espanolEste articulo presenta un conjunto de hechos estilizados para la reforma agraria chilena a partir de datos provenientes de registros de cada predio involucrado. La informacion considera tamano y ubicacion de los predios, el momento de las expropiaciones, las razones legales invocadas para la expropiacion y el resultado final del proceso. El articulo tambien presenta medidas de la intensidad de la reforma a nivel comunal y su correlacion con la produccion agricola y la estructura de propiedad de la tierra antes de la reforma. Los antecedentes presentados confirman algunos rasgos conocidos del proceso de reforma y sugieren nuevas dimensiones: se identifica una alta heterogeneidad en el tamano de los predios expropiados, asi como en la intensidad de la reforma y de la contrarreforma a nivel comunal. Ademas, el examen de los datos sugiere que los problemas de desigualdad y de tenencia de la tierra fueron, en la practica, motivaciones importantes de la reforma agraria. EnglishThis paper presents a series of stylized facts for the Chilean agrarian reform building on data from archival files of each plot involved in the process. The data includes the size and location of each plot, the time of the expropriations, the legal reasons invoked for the expropriation and the final result of the process. The paper also presents measures of the intensity of the reform at the municipality level and the correlation with agricultural production and the structure of ownership before the reform. While the results confirm some previous stylized facts of the reform process, we also provide new evidence that helps to understand the main characteristics of the process: there is a high heterogeneity in the size of expropriated plots as well as in the intensity of reform and the counter-reform process at the municipality level. Moreover, the data also suggest that the aspects related to land ownership were important motivations of the agrarian reform.

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