La polypose naso-sinusienne idiopathique de l'enfant existe-t-elle?

Abstract

Nasal polyposis, a rare disease in childhood, can present itself as an idiopathic disease. The aim of this study was to describe some of the clinical features of idiopathic nasal polyposis in children and to emphasize this condition as a specific clinical entity. The study was based on a retrospective analysis of 26 cases of idiopathic nasal polyposis that were studied to our department between 1979 and 1996. In addition, a questionnaire was sent to parents of which 20 were returned completed. The clinical characteristics of idiopathic nasal polyposis in children (11 males and nine females; median: 12 years; range: 8-15 years) were very similar to those observed in adults (median: 50 years), in particular the relation to asthma (ten of 20 cases) and aspirin intolerance (two Fernand-Widal syndromes of 20 cases). Recurrent ENT infections during the maturing period of the immunological system (0-7 years) did not seem to play a role. There appeared, however, to be a strong genetic component as half of our cases had a family history of nasal polyposis and/or asthma. Idiopathic nasal polyposis should be recognized as an entity among nasal polyps in childhood. Management of idiopathic and secondary nasal polyposis is however different. Although the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis is not well understood, the study of this disease in children leads one to suspect a genetic transmission.