Abstract
Se analiza el proceso de expansion minera en el sector meridional del desierto de Atacama, mediante el estudio del mineral argentifero de Cachinal de la Sierra, centrandose en las explotaciones de la Minera Arturo Prat y su vertiginoso crecimiento inicial desde 1880, hasta su descenso desde la decada de los noventa del siglo XIX. Paralelamente, se analiza el impacto de esta explotacion minera en la atraccion de mano de obra a la placilla de Cachinal de la Sierra, situada a 148 km al interior del puerto de Taltal, donde se suscito una ocupacion formal, con calles, servicios publicos y una concentracion de poblacion que en su momento de mayor expansion alcanzo alrededor de 3000 habitantes. El objetivo es explicar los motivos del poblamiento y los factores que incidieron en la decadencia y abandono del incipiente poblado de la sierra taltalina.The article discuses the process of mining expansion in the southern sector of the Atacama Desert by analyzing the discovery of silver in Cachinal de la Sierra, focusing on Arturo Prat’s mining exploitations and its rapid initial expansion that began in 1880 until its decline in the last decade of the nineteenth century. This article also analyzes the impact of mining on attracting labor to Placilla de Cachinal de la Sierra, located 148 km inland from the port of Taltal (1858), where a formal settlement was raised with streets, public services, and a concentration of people which, in its time of greatest expansion, reached about 3,000 inhabitants. This paper seeks to explain the reasons for the settlement and the factors that influenced the decline and abandonment of this incipient town in Taltal.
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